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attach greater significance to analogies drawn from societies existing under ecological conditions which approximate those reconstructed for the prehistoric culture under investigation than those adapted to markedly different environments.

short-term toxicity assays based on enzyme activity or biosynthesis

enzyme / end point measured / comments

dehydrogenases/ measure reduktion of oxidoreduktion dyes such as INT or TTC / widely tested in water. wastewater. soils. sediments.

ATPase / measure phosphate concentration using ATP as a substrate. / ın vivo and in vitro tests have been used

What is called the "folk-culture approach" by students of Old World archaeology is paralleled in the New World by the "direct historical approach".

In its most general sense interpreting by analogy is assaying any belief about non-observed behavior by referral to observed behavior which is thought to be relevant.

What can be demonstrated for concept formulation, data gathering, and synthesis, cannot be easily shown for archaeological interpretation. If it is granted that acceptance of synthesis must vary with confidence in interpretation, it becomes apparent that interpretation warrants attention.